14. Strings

String Types

String Types are used to store text like data.A string is an immutable sequence of bytes.

Go uses UTF-8 encoding to store strings.

A character in UTF8 can be from 1 to 4 bytes long. UTF-8 can represent any character in the Unicode standard. UTF-8 is backwards compatible with ASCII. UTF-8 is the preferred encoding for e-mail and web pages - W3Schools.com

Declaring String

Strings are declared using one of the following ways:

main.go
	var str1 string = "Hello, World!"
	var str2 = "Hello, World!"
	str3 := "Hello, World!"

Zero value for string is empty string ""

Length of string

Build in len function can be used to get number of bytes in string

main.go
fmt.Printf("length of str1 is %d \n", len(str1))

Sub-string operation

We can easily create substring from existing string using s[i,j].This operation always generates new string since string are immutable. i indicates starting index for substring including i and j indicates end index excluding j

main.go
str4 := str1[7:13]

fmt.Println(str4)

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